Life Ascending: Mechanism and Process in Physiological Adaptation to High-Altitude Hypoxia
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Developmental adaptation to high altitude hypoxia.
Experimental studies on animals and humans exposed to hypoxic stress have been reviewed. These data suggest that the influence of hypoxic stress, and the organism's response to it, are greater during growth than during adulthood. The organism's responses include alterations in the quantity and size of the alveolar units of the lungs, enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart, slower somat...
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Understanding the biochemical mechanisms that enable high-altitude animals to survive and function under conditions of hypoxic stress can provide important insights into the nature of physiological adaptation. Evidence from a number of high-altitude vertebrates indicates that modifications of hemoglobin function typically play a key role in mediating an adaptive response to chronic hypoxia. Bec...
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Understanding the workings of the evolutionary process in contemporary humans requires linking the evolutionary history of traits with their current genetics and biology. Unusual environments provide natural experimental settings to investigate evolution and adaptation. The example of high-altitude hypoxia illustrates some of the progress and many of the remaining challenges for studies of evol...
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We describe, in Ethiopia, a third successful pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia that contrasts with both the Andean "classic" (erythrocytosis with arterial hypoxemia) and the more recently identified Tibetan (normal venous hemoglobin concentration with arterial hypoxemia) patterns. A field survey of 236 Ethiopian native residents at 3,530 m (11,650 feet), 14-86 years of age, w...
متن کاملMechanisms of hemoglobin adaptation to high altitude hypoxia.
Evidence from a number of vertebrate taxa suggests that modifications of hemoglobin (Hb) function may often play a key role in mediating an adaptive response to high altitude hypoxia. The respiratory functions of Hb are a product of the protein's intrinsic O(2)-binding affinity and its interactions with allosteric effectors such as protons, chloride ions, CO(2), and organic phosphates. Here we ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
سال: 2019
ISSN: 1543-592X,1545-2069
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-025014